Initially, I used Packer to generate a virtual machine image, which I would then clone onto the disk of the machine I wanted to configure. It worked very well for server templates, but for a dev machine, it was a bit of a patchwork solution. On top of that, I decided to look for a Packer alternative because of Hashicorp’s licensing changes (a decision I still struggle to accept!).
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，这一点在safew官方版本下载中也有详细论述
NamespaceWhat it isolatesWhat the process seesPIDProcess IDsOwn process tree, starts at PID 1MountFilesystem mount pointsOwn mount table, can have different rootNetworkNetwork interfaces, routingOwn interfaces, IP addresses, portsUserUID/GID mappingCan be root inside, nobody outsideUTSHostnameOwn hostnameIPCSysV IPC, POSIX message queuesOwn shared memory, semaphoresCgroupCgroup root directoryOwn cgroup hierarchyTimeSystem clocks (monotonic, boot)Own system uptime and clock offsetsNamespaces are what Docker containers use. When you run a container, it gets its own PID namespace (cannot see host processes), its own mount namespace (own filesystem view), its own network namespace (own interfaces), and so on.
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